The Benefits of Installing a Hydronic Heating System

Feb 10, 2023

Feb 10, 2023

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Looking for an innovative way to warm your home? Try radiant floor heating. It just might be the best solution for these tough winters!

Looking for an innovative way to warm your home? Try radiant floor heating. It just might be the best solution for those tough Pittsburgh winters.

Floor heating, also called radiant floor heating, is an accepted trend in new housing as well as in-house renovations that center on clean, comfy living. Although there’s no denying underfloor heating is the coziest way to warm your home, is it worth the cost and irritation? Or are you duty-bound to simply stick to more conventional methods to warm your house?

The fact is, radiant floor heating is perhaps the ideal home heating system for Pittsburgh and the surrounding region. It’s cozy, efficient, low-profile, quiet and doesn’t propel dust and allergens around the way forced air systems do. Rather than overheating the room’s perimeter in the expectation that the warm air will move all through the room before rising, subfloor heating provides heat from below. The outcome is a greater overall even heat that warms everything in the room, embracing surfaces, furnishings, and, most notably, you and your family.

Here’s a good comparison. Radiant heat can be compared to the heat you feel when you stand by a window on a sunny, cold day. Your face feels warm, but the sun didn’t need to heat the air outside to make you feel that way.

As one of Pittsburgh’s premier HVAC companies, the professionals at Phillips Heating & Air Conditioning would like to discuss why you might want to consider installing radiant heating in your new or existing home.

A choice of radiant heating methods

There are two major types of radiant floor heating: electric and water-based systems. Both offer heating in space from the floor up for steady, efficient warmth. Water-based systems run hot water through pipes to produce heat, while electric underfloor heating heats wiring under the floor to create heat.

For our purposes, we are going to describe water-based, or hydronic, radiant heating. Electric heat is expensive, so electric radiant floors are often restricted to smaller areas, such as a kitchen or bath. In comparison, hydronic systems expend minimal electricity which is an asset for homes in areas where electricity prices are high or are off the power grid.

Hydronic radiant heat is also more economical than other systems since it uses comparatively low water temperatures to heat your home. To all intents and purposes, the entire floor is a radiator, so it need not be as hot as traditional radiators. Boilers employed in hydronic systems can heat water to lower temperatures more efficiently than they can heat water to higher temperatures.

A bit of history

For the record, subfloor heating has been around for centuries, from the hypocausts – a floor elevated on pillars wherein heat would circulate below and radiate through levels of tiles and stone – from the ancient Turkish and Roman baths to Frank Lloyd Wright’s turn-of-the-century acceptance of more modern Japanese examples.

Furthermore, while the decision to put in radiant heating used to be a pre-new construction choice, today’s innovations make it practical for existing home retrofits.

Recent innovations

The mounting acceptance of PEX (cross-linked polyethylene) tubing during the past 15 to 20 years has made radiant floors easier to install and leak-free. This wasn’t always the case with the ‘50s and ‘60s dated radiant systems that depended on copper tubing implanted in concrete. Over time, the tubing leaked, and eventually, the systems were no longer installed. Early on, PEX was not devoid of its hiccups as well. Miniscule quantities of oxygen are capable of piercing the PEX lining, leading to the corrosion of metal parts, such as cast iron boilers. Newer versions of PEX, however, include an oxygen barricade.

Let’s look at some of the direct benefits of hydronic heating . . .

Cost to operate

Thanks to the invention of the programmable thermostat, operating a hydronic system can be less expensive to run than a conventional HVAC system. You can set the system to function through off-peak hours to cut your utility bill and the floor will keep on radiating heat hanker after the system shuts off.

Better air quality

In a hydronic radiant heating system, warm water runs through flexible plastic pipes implanted in a concrete slab or located on top or beneath the subfloor. The heat from the flowing water within the tubing radiates up from the floor to deliver coziness to people in a room.

Because hydronic heating systems make use of pumps to transport water rather than fans or blowers to push air, the system doesn’t spread dirt, allergens, or odors all over the house. In fact, people with acute allergies have discovered relief when they invest in hydronic radiant heating together with hard-surface flooring, in place of carpet, to reduce allergens in their homes.

In addition to the air-quality benefits, hydronic heating also doesn’t necessitate any ductwork. This offers homeowners more freedom for placing furniture without having to be concerned with covering vents.

Energy savings and sustainability

Water has 3,500 times the capacity of air to transfer energy. That means a hydronic heating system that employs water to heat a room will be significantly more energy efficient. This is particularly critical since heating and electricity production comprise almost 25 percent of all greenhouse emissions, per the EPA.

Radiant heating is also more energy efficient as the heat remains near the floor, which, needless to say, is where people dwell. In a traditional forced-air HVAC system, the hot air blows into a room and promptly ascends to the ceiling. This, of course, is not idyllic since people don’t live near their ceilings.

Moreover, people are cozier with a radiant floor heating system at a lower thermostat setting, such as 68 degrees, compared to a forced-air system, even at a thermostat setting of 72 degrees. Those four degrees can make a huge difference in energy use over a period of time.

Offers advantages of zone heating

Another advantage of radiant heating is they are installed in zones. This means residents have a distinct thermostat for each radiant-heated space. This not only offers custom comfort control when people occupy a specific space but also makes the system more energy-efficient since occupants can keep the heat lower in spaces that are not in use.

Maybe, best of all, hydronic floor heating can turn out to be even more energy-efficient when teamed with sustainable heat sources, for instance, geothermal and solar. These systems can in theory offer a structure with free heat, which is the preeminent type of sustainable comfort.

Even heating

Forced air heating systems utilize air displacement to keep you warm. Nevertheless, these systems transport air vigorously and the resultant drafts and breezes may cause uneven heating or cooling around your home. Hydronic heating rids this issue by using radiation instead of air to maintain warmth.

Quiet, clean, and safe

As mentioned, hydronic systems do not displace air to warm your home, unlike forced-air heating systems. So you not only won’t have to listen to the rush of air as it passes through the system, but you also don’t have to be concerned about the annoying noises of a furnace firing up or groans from the cold ducts as warm air passes through them. So, you’re pretty much rid of all the numerous air-conditioned sounds you have to tolerate in more traditional heating systems.

House cleaning is also trimmed as a result of the absence of diffusers and floor vents. No more forced movement of dust, pollen, or pet dander. Moreover, the air in your house is not dried out, producing a more pleasant living environment for both people and plants. And since there are no hot radiators or other possible burn sources, a room heated by hydronic heating simply offers a safer environment.

Hydronic floors are perfect for businesses, too

Hydronic floor heating is outstanding for commercial buildings, too. Warehouses, for example, with elevated ceilings can keep the heat down close to the floor where it’s needed. Shops with sizable doors that open to let vehicles or materials in/out can keep the heat in since it’s stored in the mass of the building, not the air. When the doors open, the air will cool down, but the moment the doors close, the recovery is swift as a result of the large heat mass.

Commercial applications also profit from heated floors given those occupants feel comfortable at lower air temperatures than with those systems that rely on heated air. When a mechanic is standing, sitting, or lying on a heated floor he/she feels more comfortable at 60-65 degrees air temperatures than in a shop heated to 70 degrees by forced air.

How does hydronic radiant floor heating compare to some of the alternative heating systems?

Furnace and forced air

Forced air systems are characteristically HVAC systems that utilize gas or electricity to create heat and push it through ductwork to heat the home. True, they heat a home rather quickly, but they can be noisy, and unsightly and cause a batch of allergy issues.

The heat is also focused toward the top of the room, necessitating your having to crank up the heat higher just to keep your room warm. Conversely, radiant heat systems function at lower temperatures and eliminate this heat loss, saving tons of money on energy bills. They also don’t have the same issues with allergies as there is no air blowing around.

Boilers and water-based systems

Boilers heat water to convert it into steam. Then, it pushes that steam throughout the home to heat it. Such water-based systems take longer to install, need regular maintenance, take longer to heat up and cool down, and are typically only an option for brand new homes.

Electric baseboards

Electric baseboards and radiant heat may well sound alike, but there are a variety of differences. Electric baseboards are normally two to eight feet long and are either 120 volts or 240 volts, using convection to heat the room.

Yes, installing electric baseboards is less costly than radiant heating, however, the long-term costs are commonly much higher because they aren’t nearly as efficient. In fact, it costs two to three times as much to heat a room using an electric baseboard heating than a radiant floor system.

Hybrid heating

In hybrid heating systems, a heat pump is backed up by a combustion furnace. This system uses the heat pump option except when the temperatures drop, at which point the combustion furnace kicks in. These systems do a great job of ensuring your home stays warm, however, they are somewhat pricey to install and often necessitate a bit of maintenance. They also have the same downsides as forced air.

Summary: Are hydronic radiant heating systems worth it?

Hydronic radiant floor heating is an easy and energy-efficient method to warm your home and keep you and your family cozy. Although the cost of installing radiant heating is higher than the installation cost of traditional radiators, there are various options available to suit a budget, and it’s certainly worth keeping in mind that underfloor heating provides substantial cost savings on your energy bills.

The ultimate comfort and the definitive cost savings of running a hydronic heating system on your heating bills will no doubt work out to your advantage in the long run.

For more information, contact the professionals at Phillips Heating & Air Conditioning, your go-to HVAC company in Pittsburgh and the surrounding region.

[/fusion_text][fusion_code]<script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context" : "http://schema.org", "@type" : "Article", "name" : "Sleep Better: Tweak Your HVAC", "author" : { "@type" : "Person", "name" : "Phillips Heating & Air Conditioning" }, "datePublished" : "2019-06-21", "image" : "https://phillipsheating.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/phillips-blog-june-hvac-better-sleep.jpg", "articleBody" : "Sleep Better: Tweak Your HVAC</H2>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<DIV class=\"post-content\">\n\t\t\t\t<DIV class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0);background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;\"><DIV class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row \"><DIV class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion_builder_column_1_1 fusion-builder-column-1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last 1_1\" style=\"margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<DIV class=\"fusion-column-wrapper\" style=\"padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;\" data-bg-url=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<DIV class=\"fusion-text\"><H1 data-fontsize=\"76\" data-lineheight=\"99\" style=\"font-size: 76.684px; line-height: 99.689px;\" data-inline-fontsize=\"true\" data-inline-lineheight=\"true\"><STRONG>Sleep Better: Tweak Your HVAC for a Better Night’s Sleep</STRONG></H1>\n<P>According to the National Sleep Foundation, 50 percent of Americans have poor or insufficient sleep.</P>\n<P>We would like to point the finger at a variety of factors for our lack of sleep. Perhaps it’s our own minds running feverishly with thoughts about the next day. Or, maybe it’s a lumpy bed’s doing or whatever noise we hear down the hall or downstairs. If you’re having difficulty sleeping<STRONG>, what you might not have thought about is that your bedroom’s physical environment is not suitable for a good night’s sleep.</STRONG></P>\n<P>That’s right, you can fine-tune the environment in your bedroom for a better night’s sleep.</P>\n<P>Getting plenty of quality sleep is vital for good health and many people feel as if they simply don’t get enough of it. Keep in mind that the quality of sleep can affect your mental processing and ability to focus and overall productivity. Not to mention how much and how well you sleep can influence your metabolism, immune function and mood.</P>\n<P>Fact is, a great night’s sleep is dependent on how comfortable you are and the temperature and humidity level in your bedroom could have a major role in how well you sleep.</P>\n<H2 data-fontsize=\"46\" data-lineheight=\"59\" style=\"font-size: 46.01px; line-height: 59.43px;\" data-inline-fontsize=\"true\" data-inline-lineheight=\"true\"><STRONG>Pop Quiz: What are some of the most important factors in getting a good, restful night of sleep?</STRONG></H2>\n<P>A comfortable pillow? A soft mattress? Hot shower? Cozy blankets? A sleep mask? Perhaps some white noise or relaxing, nature-themed music?</P>\n<P>All of the above are good answers but you might be surprised to learn just how important your home’s HVAC system can be in complementing some (or all) of the above in achieving that perfect night’s sleep. <STRONG>While your bed, comforter and pillow are all big players in a good night of rest, don’t sleep (pun intended) on the significance of your HVAC system.</STRONG></P>\n<P>This blog will take a closer look at the ways your HVAC system can be put to better use to help you sleep better.</P>\n<H2 data-fontsize=\"46\" data-lineheight=\"59\" style=\"font-size: 46.01px; line-height: 59.43px;\" data-inline-fontsize=\"true\" data-inline-lineheight=\"true\"><STRONG>Set cooler temperatures at night.</STRONG></H2>\n<P>Your body’s internal temperature naturally decreases at night, so having a hot bedroom makes its job that much harder. <STRONG>You can assist your body with cooling down by lowering the temperature on your thermostat before you retire for the evening.</STRONG> According to the National Sleep Foundation, the ideal bedroom temperature for the best possible night of sleep is <STRONG>between 60 to 67 degrees Fahrenheit</STRONG>, depending on your personal preference. There’s a reason you probably prefer the cold side of the pillow.</P>\n<P>Of course, this might mean dialing back the heat in the winter and dialing up the air conditioning in the summer. The latter, however, can lead to higher energy bills, so you might want to consider investing in a zone-controlled air conditioning system.</P>\n<P><STRONG><EM>Note:</EM></STRONG><EM> A zoned HVAC system involves multiple thermostats, each responsible for controlling a different part of the house independently. With this type of system, you can adjust the temperature in the bedroom. This leads to less energy use and increased comfort.</EM></P>\n<P><STRONG><EM>Warning:</EM></STRONG><EM> There are potential risks of setting your air conditioner too low. If you set it at a very low temperature in hopes of cooling you off faster, the air conditioner will run almost continuously. This will drive up your energy bills. Also, the motor will keep running and put unnecessary strain on all moving parts. This will wear it out prematurely. So, set your thermostat at a comfortable temperature, be patient and you’ll save needless wear and tear on your HVAC system.</EM></P>\n<P>Willing to turn up the A/C during the heat of summer, but not interested in investing in a zone control system at this time? <STRONG>Surely, there are some other things you can do to make sure your HVAC system runs efficiently.</STRONG></P>\n<H2 data-fontsize=\"46\" data-lineheight=\"59\" style=\"font-size: 46.01px; line-height: 59.43px;\" data-inline-fontsize=\"true\" data-inline-lineheight=\"true\"><STRONG>Create a breeze.</STRONG></H2>\n<P>Fans are the best for this. <STRONG>Overhead fans can help you reach the ideal sleeping temperatures by pushing cool air on you all night long.</STRONG> Additionally, fans also help circulate the air to keep it fresh and breathable. Fresh air makes breathing easier. When we are sleeping and have trouble breathing, it will hinder the ability to get a good night’s sleep.</P>\n<H2 data-fontsize=\"46\" data-lineheight=\"59\" style=\"font-size: 46.01px; line-height: 59.43px;\" data-inline-fontsize=\"true\" data-inline-lineheight=\"true\"><STRONG>Another fringe benefit is the steady hum of white noise most fans create.</STRONG></H2>\n<P>This effect can be so soothing that you might even want to use a comparatively noisy box fan if your ceiling fan is too quiet. White noise can not only help you fall asleep, it can help you stay asleep by muffling middle-of-the-night noises that might otherwise wake you up.</P>\n<H2 data-fontsize=\"46\" data-lineheight=\"59\" style=\"font-size: 46.01px; line-height: 59.43px;\" data-inline-fontsize=\"true\" data-inline-lineheight=\"true\"><STRONG>Rearrange your furniture to allow air to circulate.</STRONG></H2>\n<P>Scan your rooms to make sure that furniture isn’t obstructing the vents and flow of cool air that will help keep you cool overnight. <STRONG>Move furniture, drapes and toys out and away from registers to help air flow fluidly around the room.</STRONG> Remember that closing vents in certain rooms will not actually help cool your home faster but will create extra strain for your HVAC system.</P>\n<H2 data-fontsize=\"46\" data-lineheight=\"59\" style=\"font-size: 46.01px; line-height: 59.43px;\" data-inline-fontsize=\"true\" data-inline-lineheight=\"true\"><STRONG>Have routine maintenance performed on your HVAC system.</STRONG></H2>\n<P>We’ve talked about this this in previous blog entries, but it merits repeating over and over. <STRONG>Many homeowners still don’t realize that they need to regularly maintain their HVAC units to provide optimal comfort year ‘round.</STRONG> Many factors can affect how efficiently your A/C is working, including the cleanliness of the vents. So, it’s critical to have your HVAC system checked prior to the cooling and heating seasons to ensure it’s working at peak efficiency.</P>\n<H2 data-fontsize=\"46\" data-lineheight=\"59\" style=\"font-size: 46.01px; line-height: 59.43px;\" data-inline-fontsize=\"true\" data-inline-lineheight=\"true\"><STRONG>Replace your filters</STRONG>.</H2>\n<P>In past blogs, we’ve often mentioned the importance of changing your air filters. Once again, we can’t overemphasize its importance.</P>\n<H2 data-fontsize=\"46\" data-lineheight=\"59\" style=\"font-size: 46.01px; line-height: 59.43px;\" data-inline-fontsize=\"true\" data-inline-lineheight=\"true\"><STRONG>Your HVAC system doesn’t just cool and heat your indoor air. It’s also designed to remove particulates in the air that can cause allergic symptoms and breathing problems.</STRONG></H2>\n<P>Many people lose sleep at night due to congestion, coughing, wheezing, itchy eyes and sneezing. But while you’re likely to blame pollen, pet dander, mold and other such allergens, your HVAC system could also be responsible, in part, for your symptoms.</P>\n<H2 data-fontsize=\"46\" data-lineheight=\"59\" style=\"font-size: 46.01px; line-height: 59.43px;\" data-inline-fontsize=\"true\" data-inline-lineheight=\"true\"><STRONG>One sure way to help combat this is to regularly change your system’s air filters.</STRONG></H2>\n<P>Most air filters need to be cleaned or replaced on a monthly basis, although some high-efficiency filters can last a little longer between cleanings.</P>\n<P>Since the air filter is such a critical player in reducing these allergens, you should think about investing in a quality filter capable of trapping even the tiniest particles. You might want to consider <STRONG>upgrading to a HEPA-style filter with a MERV rating of at least 10 for better filtration performance.</STRONG></P>\n<P>The point is, HVAC systems play a bigger role in alleviating allergy systems than you might think, as <STRONG>they reduce allergens and improve indoor air quality, helping you to get a better night’s sleep.</STRONG></P>\n<P><STRONG> </STRONG></P>\n<H2 data-fontsize=\"46\" data-lineheight=\"59\" style=\"font-size: 46.01px; line-height: 59.43px;\" data-inline-fontsize=\"true\" data-inline-lineheight=\"true\"><STRONG>Keep humidity in mind. </STRONG></H2>\n<BLOCKQUOTE>\n<P><STRONG>There really is something to the old adage that “It’s not the heat, it’s the humidity.” </STRONG></P>\n</BLOCKQUOTE>\n<P>Besides temperature, humidity is something that could be influencing your ability to get a good’s night sleep. <STRONG>Humid air is less breathable air.</STRONG> By that, we mean your body works harder to breathe it, and that can make it more difficult to relax and lead to a more restless night of sleep.</P>\n<P>If the humidity in your bedroom is too high, it can also feel stuffy while you feel sticky and you end up desperately tossing the covers around until you fall asleep from sheer exhaustion. <STRONG>Levels above 50 percent also foster mold growth and other allergens, which can trigger respiratory issues, which will interrupt your sleep</STRONG>. Usually this isn’t a huge problem if you have central air conditioning since the A/C helps control the humidity with the home.</P>\n<P><STRONG>Humidity below 30 percent, however, can make your skin, throat and nasal passages cracked and scratchy.</STRONG> Are your lips chapped? Does your nose bleed often? You don’t want to feel restless at night, so set your humidity level to something that facilitates sleep, ideally somewhere between 30 and 45 percent. This can usually be achieved by investing in a whole-house humidifier. Or, keep a portable humidifier in the bedroom to achieve ideal sleeping conditions.</P>\n<P><STRONG><EM>Hint:</EM></STRONG><EM> Using an inexpensive digital hygrometer, you can measure the humidity level in your bedroom.</EM></P>\n<H2 data-fontsize=\"46\" data-lineheight=\"59\" style=\"font-size: 46.01px; line-height: 59.43px;\" data-inline-fontsize=\"true\" data-inline-lineheight=\"true\"><STRONG>Don’t let outside air in.</STRONG></H2>\n<P>While your air conditioning is running<STRONG>, leaving outdoor doors and windows open is a great way to reduce operating efficiency and undermine your HVAC’s system’s ability</STRONG> to bring your home to a more comfortable temperature. Whether you’re letting hot air into your home during the day or bringing in cool air at night, your air conditioner has to fight even harder to pull the humidity out of the air and cool it down.</P>\n<P>A closely related mistake is using exhaust fans in the kitchen or bathroom. These fans can push conditioned air out of your house, which needlessly increases the strain on your A/C unit. During the cooling season, use these fans as sparingly as possible.</P>\n<H2 data-fontsize=\"46\" data-lineheight=\"59\" style=\"font-size: 46.01px; line-height: 59.43px;\" data-inline-fontsize=\"true\" data-inline-lineheight=\"true\"><STRONG>You don’t have a programmable thermostat? </STRONG></H2>\n<P>Heat rises. This means that if your bedroom is on the second floor, it’s likely hotter than the rest of your Pittsburgh home. We’ve noted above it’s a good idea to lower the temperature before going to bed. <STRONG>If you want to make it more convenient, consider having a programmable thermostat installed in your home.</STRONG></P>\n<P>With a programmable thermostat, all you have to do is set a schedule once. Your system will continue to follow your instructions until you decide to change it again. You can tell your thermostat to automatically make your home cooler before you go to bed and have it warm up again right before you wake up. You can wake up comfortable and rested without having to fiddle with your thermostat all the time.</P>\n<P>There’s evidence that the next advancement in heating and cooling could be wi-fi thermostats. Once they are synced to a wi-fi router, you’ll have remote access from a computer or via an app, all from the convenience of a smartphone or tablet. Such wi-fi thermostats keep you connected to your home with control literally in the palm of your hand.</P>\n<P><STRONG>Not only can these programmable and wi-fi thermostats help you get a better sleep, they can lead to decreased energy usage and utility bills and may even extend the life of your HVAC equipment.</STRONG></P>\n<P><STRONG>For more information on programmable and wi-fi thermostats, please <A href=\"https://phillipsheating.com/contact-us/\">visit the Phillips website for contact information.</A></STRONG></P>\n<H2 data-fontsize=\"46\" data-lineheight=\"59\" style=\"font-size: 46.01px; line-height: 59.43px;\" data-inline-fontsize=\"true\" data-inline-lineheight=\"true\"><STRONG>Better bedtime habits</STRONG>.</H2>\n<P>We understand how crazy life can be but, if possible, maintain a bedtime schedule and routine. <STRONG>Try to go to bed and wake up close to the same time every day, even on weekends.</STRONG> This can help reset your body’s internal clock.</P>\n<P>Making your own personal bedtime ritual could help your body get ready for bed. For example, avoid eating big meals close to bedtime. Do a relaxing activity to help you take it easy such as a warm bath, reading a book or listening to relaxing music. Get in the habit of doing these things before bed. Your body will learn that it’s time to head to bed and go to sleep.</P>\n<P><STRONG>Your home’s comfort is our business and we want to help keep you cozy day and night. Give yourself the peace of mind that comes from offering you the best service and best products possible.</STRONG></P>\n<P><STRONG>No matter where you purchased your HVAC unit, Phillips Heating &amp; Air Conditioning professionals can help you repair and maintain it for maximum efficiency. <A href=\"https://phillipsheating.com/contact-us/\">Contact one of our service technicians</A> and get the sleep and comfort you have always wanted.", "publisher" : { "@type" : "Organization", "name" : "PHILLIPS HEATING & AIR CONDITIONING" } } </script>[/fusion_code][/fusion_builder_column][/fusion_builder_row][/fusion_builder_container]

Rosedale Tech Radiator Project

Rosedale Tech Radiator Project

Phillips Heating & Air Conditioning donated gas boiler to Rosedale Technical College for their HVAC student class for learning & development.

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